{"id":6399,"date":"2021-03-05T20:44:42","date_gmt":"2021-03-05T20:44:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/?page_id=6399"},"modified":"2021-03-08T08:39:18","modified_gmt":"2021-03-08T08:39:18","slug":"international-health-regulations","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/?page_id=6399","title":{"rendered":"International Health Regulations"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6399\" class=\"elementor elementor-6399\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-64401a1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"64401a1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a06e8e2\" data-id=\"a06e8e2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7271443 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7271443\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are the IHR?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58a7973 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58a7973\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The only international treaty in force regulating cross border health threats are the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241580496\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International Health Regulations 2005 (IHR),<\/a> which are governed under the administrative framework of the World Health Organization (WHO). <br \/><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/international-health-regulations#tab=tab_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The IHR Secretariat administers the IHR, the official site can be found here.<\/a><\/p><p><style>@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:78;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1791491579 18 0 131231 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"Cambria Math\";<br \/>\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:0;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:0;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1073743103 0 0 415 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal<br \/>\t{mso-style-unhide:no;<br \/>\tmso-style-qformat:yes;<br \/>\tmso-style-parent:\"\";<br \/>\tmargin:0cm;<br \/>\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;<br \/>\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;<br \/>\tfont-size:12.0pt;<br \/>\tfont-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}.MsoChpDefault<br \/>\t{mso-style-type:export-only;<br \/>\tmso-default-props:yes;<br \/>\tfont-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.WordSection1<br \/>\t{page:WordSection1<\/style><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-794c32d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"794c32d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A treaty of international law under the auspices of WHO<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e697f0b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e697f0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The IHR can be traced back to the earliest efforts of international cooperation in the mid 19th century when quarantine measures were used as trade barriers, an objective which still holds true for the IHR. However, under Art. 21 of the Constitution of the WHO, the World Health Assembly (WHA) is vested with the power to adopt \u201csanitary and quarantine requirements and other procedures designed to prevent the international spread of disease\u201d. Thus, these regulations enter automatically into force except the Member State informs the Director-General (DG) of the express rejection according to Art. 22 WHO Constitution.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74ad210 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"74ad210\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The current IHR<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2551e32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2551e32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">The accession status of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/ihr\/legal_issues\/states_parties\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\">196 States Parties<\/a> reflect the universal legitimacy of the IHR provisions how to lawfully contain cross-border health threats, which were adopted by the WHA in 2005 after an intergovernmental negation process under the auspices of WHO. The last revision in 2005 changed the concept of the IHR profoundly through the establishment of fundamentally new legal concepts of international law and the law of international organizations, especially with regard to the executive authority of the DG to proclaim a \u201cpublic health emergency of international concern\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><style>@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:78;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1791491579 18 0 131231 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"Cambria Math\";<br \/>\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:0;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:0;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1073743103 0 0 415 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal<br \/>\t{mso-style-unhide:no;<br \/>\tmso-style-qformat:yes;<br \/>\tmso-style-parent:\"\";<br \/>\tmargin:0cm;<br \/>\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;<br \/>\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;<br \/>\tfont-size:12.0pt;<br \/>\tfont-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}.MsoChpDefault<br \/>\t{mso-style-type:export-only;<br \/>\tmso-default-props:yes;<br \/>\tfont-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.WordSection1<br \/>\t{page:WordSection1;}<\/style>\n<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-330453f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"330453f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language:EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\">Governing purpose <\/span><\/b><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8092707 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8092707\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The purpose and scope of the IHR are \u201c<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">to prevent, protect against, control and provide <\/i><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">a public health response to the international spread of disease in ways that are commensurate with and restricted to public health risks, and which avoid unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade<\/i>,\u201d according to Art. 2 IHR.<\/span><\/p><p><style>@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"Courier New\";<br \/>\tpanose-1:2 7 3 9 2 2 5 2 4 4;<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:0;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536859905 -1073711037 9 0 511 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:Wingdings;<br \/>\tpanose-1:5 0 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\/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.WordSection1<br \/>\t{page:WordSec<\/style><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4aa8296 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4aa8296\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Implementation principles<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4ee39d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a4ee39d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Art. 3 IHR set out the principles of implementation, which <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">&#8211;<span style=\"font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">&#8211; shall be with f<b>ull respect for the dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms <\/b>of&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; persons;<br><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">&#8211;<span style=\"font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">&#8211; guided by the <b>C<\/b><\/span><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><b>harter of the United Nations and the Constitution of the WHO;<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">&#8211;<span style=\"font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">&#8211; guided by the goal of their <b>universal application for the protection of all people<\/b> of the world from the international spread of disease;<br><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\"><span style=\"mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">&#8211;<span style=\"font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">&#8211; States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the <b>sovereign right to legislate and to implement legislation in pursuance of their health policies, in doing so they should uphold the purpose<\/b> of these Regulations.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b86e130 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b86e130\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Consequences of the legal force of the IHR<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63a4524 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63a4524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">By virtue of the legal force of the IHR as an international treaty, the articles of the <a href=\"https:\/\/legal.un.org\/ilc\/texts\/instruments\/english\/conventions\/1_1_1969.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vienna Convention of the Law on Treaties<\/a>, which are universally acknowled as part of customary international law, are applicable. <\/span><em><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background: white; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; font-style: normal; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">First, Art. 26 VCLT spells out the most eminent and basic legal principle \u201c<\/span><\/em><em><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background: white; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">pact sunt servanda<\/span><\/em><em><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background: white; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; font-style: normal; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">\u201d that every treaty in force is binding upon the parties to it and must be performed by them in <\/span><\/em><em><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background: white; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">good faith<\/span><\/em><em><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background: white; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; font-style: normal; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">. Second, the IHR provisions have to be interpreted in good faith in accordance with the ordinary meaning to be given to the terms of the treaty in their context and in the light of its object and purpose, as Art. 31 VCLT requests.<\/span><\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The laws of <b>state responsibility<\/b>, i.e. the D<a href=\"https:\/\/legal.un.org\/ilc\/texts\/instruments\/english\/draft_articles\/9_6_2001.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">raft Articles on Responsibilty of States of Internationally Wrongful Acts<\/a>, <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">are the principles governing when and how a state is held responsible for a breach of the IHR. Rather than set forth any particular obligations, the rules of state responsibility determine, in general, when an obligation has been<br \/>breached and the legal consequences of that violation.<\/span><\/p><p><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The entire implementation of the IHR, which is tantamount to the Covid-pandemic response by the world community, has to depart from the common purpose and principles of the IHR, constituting international obligations and in turn triggering state responsibility for a lawful mitigation of cross-border health threats. <\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><em> <style>@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:78;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1791491579 18 0 131231 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"Cambria Math\";<br \/>\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:0;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:0;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1073743103 0 0 415 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal<br \/>\t{mso-style-unhide:no;<br \/>\tmso-style-qformat:yes;<br \/>\tmso-style-parent:\"\";<br \/>\tmargin:0cm;<br \/>\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;<br \/>\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;<br \/>\tfont-size:12.0pt;<br \/>\tfont-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}.MsoChpDefault<br \/>\t{mso-style-type:export-only;<br \/>\tmso-default-props:yes;<br \/>\tfont-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.WordSection1<br \/>\t{page:WordSection1;}<\/style> <\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><style>@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:78;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1791491579 18 0 131231 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:78;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1791491579 18 0 131231 0;}@font-face<br \/>\t{font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;<br \/>\tmso-font-charset:0;<br \/>\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;<br \/>\tmso-font-pitch:variable;<br \/>\tmso-font-signature:-536870145 1073743103 0 0 415 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal<br \/>\t{mso-style-unhide:no;<br \/>\tmso-style-qformat:yes;<br \/>\tmso-style-parent:\"\";<br \/>\tmargin:0cm;<br \/>\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;<br \/>\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;<br \/>\tfont-size:12.0pt;<br \/>\tfont-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}.MsoChpDefault<br \/>\t{mso-style-type:export-only;<br \/>\tmso-default-props:yes;<br \/>\tfont-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d\";<br \/>\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;<br \/>\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;<br \/>\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";<br \/>\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.WordSection1<br \/>\t{page:WordSection1;<\/style><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What are the IHR? The only international treaty in force regulating cross border health threats are the International Health Regulations 2005 (IHR), which are governed under the administrative framework of the World Health Organization (WHO). The IHR Secretariat administers the IHR, the official site can be found here. A treaty of international law under the &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6088,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6399","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6399"}],"version-history":[{"count":45,"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6645,"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6399\/revisions\/6645"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6088"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ghr.agency\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}